investigating the effects of lime pretreatment in a processing reactor on nutritive value of date palm leaves evaluated with gas production technique and scanning electron microscopy

[ ' p a l m d a t e l e a v e s w e r e p r o c e s s e d w i t h l i m e i n a p r o c e s s i n g r e a c t o r i n a f a c t o r i a l a r r a n g e m e n t o f t r e a t m e n t s ( 3 × 3 ) w i t h 3 l e v e l s o f t e m p e r a t u r e s ( 4 0 ' , ' 8 0 a n d 1 0 0 ° c ) a n d t i m e p e r i o d s ( 8 0 ' , 1 6 0 , ' a n d 2 4 0 m i n u t e s ) i n a c o m p l e t e l y r a n d o m i z e d d e s i g n . f e r m e n t a t i o n p a r a m e t e r s m e a s u r e d u s i n g g a s p r o d u c t i o n t e c h n i q u e . w i t h i n c r e a s i n g p r e t r e a t m e n t t i m e a n d t e m p e r a t u r e l i g n i n c o n t e n t r e d u c e d f r o m 1 3 . 0 p e r c e n t i n u n t r e a t e d l e a v e s t o 6 . 0 p e r c e n t i n l e a v e s t r e a t e d i n 1 0 0 ° c f o r 2 4 0 m i n . i n c r e a s i n g t i m e a n d t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e p r o c e s s i n g d e c r e a s e d a s h c o n t e n t ( p ' ]